Who is the earliest Jiayuguan man?

Was speaking from the Old Stone Age

When there had been a period of high temperature, the annual average temperature of 2 to 4 degrees higher than now, adequate water, river water gurgling brook, swamp lakes, dense forests, grassland wide, which constitute a good place of natural hunting and nomadic.

The ecological environment reflected in the early rock paintings in the black mountain rock painting is the landscape of that period. The species of flora and fauna were found in the Pleistocene. Animal such as deer, deer, bison, rhinoceros, zebu, giant tapir, python, is a subtropical climate animal survival. The plant is mainly a large fern, one is 3 times the height of the sheep, and it has completed the evolutionary process of root, stem and leaf, which belongs to the large fern. Like fossils and dinosaur fossils have also been found in this area. The dinosaur fossils are named "Jiayuguan dragon". The human activity in Jiayuguan began ten thousand years ago. The relics left are stone, stone and rock.

The horse's mane foothills and Yumen Changma, discovered the Paleolithic human remains and used for hunting activities such as stone. At that time, the ancestors used hunting and fishing to feed wild vegetables and forest fruits for their living.

Shi Yin distribution in Jingtieshan mine ice ditch farm, known as the "hand of Shi Yin". The hand picture of Jiayuguan is to draw the palm and five fingers on the irregular sand rock. Production methods are not the same, but the main preparation method of hand painted Beige mineral pigments, as on the stone surface, around the cloth by the mineral red, to be hand in shape after forming, filled in mineral yellow rice. This is the direct depiction of the natural form by the late wise men, and the totem. It is also the source of Chinese painting art.

The ancestors of Jiayuguan belong to the matriarchal tribe headed by the queen mother of the West. In the place of "quicksand West" that the Tengger Desert, "Kunlun hill" Qilian Mountains, "surrounded by water" is the Heihe downstream head hair Juyanhai to a "pool" is the Dunhuang Crescent Spring, the "peach" is the Dunhuang collapses peach, "Hoopoe" wearing tiger. The tiger is its totem animal, and the rock paintings do not hunt the tiger. Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns until King Mu, were met with the queen mother of the west. King West tour Yushan Blackwater now Jiayuguan mountain to jade. The later repair of the Wangmu temple, some people are textual research in the Manjusri. In the early years, the queen mother of the West image as the snake head, or the head. Later became the "thirty years old, of medium height, beauty mask AI, face the peerless" Fu man.

, hunting in two

What is hunting economy?

Is ready to hunt for their economic animal nature.

Ancient Jiayuguan area, there are rivers and lakes, forests and grasslands have. All kinds of wild animals want to find food and drink water, and this is an ideal hunting place. There are ten species of wild animals in Montenegrin as hunting targets for hunters. Such as bison, wild goats, deer, wild camels, wild antelope, partridge etc.. There are most bison, sheep and deer. There are tigers, leopards, wolves, foxes, giant tapir. Cattle and zebu, rhinoceros. There are deer moose, deer, elk, deer, deer etc.. The sheep have blue sheep, argali, gazelle, ibex etc.. Hunting tools are mainly bows and arrows, as well as spears and hooks.

Hunting requires more people to take part in the action, especially the hunting of the beast or the beast. Montenegro rock in a single form of hunting, hunting on foot, there are also double with hunting, riding in hunting.

Single hunting one shot or a man riding bison, wild camel riding up, or on foot shot a partridge. There is also a thrilling "bull map" that expresses the characteristics of people and animals with a strong sense of motion. A hunter arms and knees, alone to catch buffalo. Bison with hind legs, legs jump, high head, high end up, like bursts of screaming, three small animal bison beside panic jumped up, screen tension.

Double hanglie. There are two people to bow to shoot a buffalo, the buffalo head, the tail, running. There are two people with the reverse arrow, a herd of antelope, antelope head, convulsed with fear.

A large hunting scene. Like "Wild Camel", 6 wild Shuangfeng camels, of which 2 camels are in front of the camel. 3 hunters riding, 3 Hunter bow shoot camel, there are 4 people and a dog chased. There's a hunting map, engraved 30 images, a shot of bison, deer and shot; a fierce stiff bison Jan tail, a man hanging in the corner, showing a fight to the death scene.

Change three, the animal husbandry development

And hunting into captivity, animal husbandry, is a turning point in the process of human civilization. Cold weather, wild animal is reduced, some even genocide, hunting object reduction, narrowing the scope, forcing people into animal husbandry economy. The black mountain rock paintings reflect some of the characteristics of this historical transformation.

First domesticated dogs and horses. The dog in the rock painting was domesticated by the wolf 4000 years ago. The horse is also domesticated at the same time. Then, the domesticated sheep argali, the domesticated yak bison, wild camel domesticated camel etc..

Montenegro Mozigou, four shares ditch rock hunting and grazing the same field. A picture is engraved with people, horses, sheep, cattle, deer and so on. The horseman, the hiker, and the dog chased the buffalo. 10 sheep in the forward, one for the rest of the argali, tan. Nurturance group, but no shepherd. Hongliugou rock paintings have goats and cows grazing livestock, horses, donkeys and camels. A picture of 9 sheep, two legs foot, some long horns, short tail; some ears, long tail, the head to the same, moving in.

Nomadic economy in Hexi Corridor of long duration, involving many tribes.

In the Neolithic age, there were Qiang people called "Western herds". The person wearing two horns in the black mountain rock painting is a typical image of the Qiang people. The "nomadic", in Zhangye, Jiuquan, Dunhuang area, yak, sheep, horse feed, pig, meat, cheese, milk drink.

Qin and Han Dynasty, in Qilian, Dunhuang between the nomadic Yuezhi, Wu Sun and Zhu Qiang have. As a migrant livestock with the Yuezhi nomads, a vast area with bows and soldiers control of Hexi corridor to Hetao, the strongest. Jiayuguan is the Wusun state, Wusun engaged in nomadic population of 630 thousand. Zhuqiang, scattered in the mountains of Qilian.

In the early Han Dynasty, it was occupied by the Xiongnu. King Hugh was stationed in Wuwei, and the king of Hun in Jiuquan and Zhangye. In animal husbandry, eat meat, drink milk, leather clothing, fur coat is Qionglu, live. The second is lost in Qilian, Yan Song said: "I die in Qilian Mountains, so I don't lose my cattle multiply greatly; Yan Shan, I married women without color."

Hexi area during Han Dynasty "wide people thin, so Liangzhou should aquatic animal husbandry, animal world Rao", on the northwestern side of the horse horse 100 thousand. The Wei, Jin, North and South Dynasties, the river west water grass beauty, the horse 2 million horses, the camel million peak, the cattle and sheep are countless. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were 300 thousand horses in Hexi. The ancient name of a horse, with sweat and blood horse, pony fork in the most excellent.

Tomb murals painted more vividly show the animal husbandry, with sheep and cattle, chickens and livestock, Ma Qun, a circle, a dog rope, pigs outside the hospital, cattle tank water, pay attention to prevention and environmental protection.